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North West Weeds |
Silverleaf nightshade (Solanum
elaeagnifolium) is a serious problem in cultivation paddocks. Once
established, it is almost impossible to eradicate. The plant's root system
penetrates to a depth of more that
Silverleaf nightshade grows to a height of around 80 centimetres. Very difficult to pull out of the ground because of the root system. The flowers are purple (sometimes white) with yellow stamens - the plant is usually (but not always) armed with small, sharp prickles [click on photo, right]. The round fruit (berries) change in colour as they mature, from green stripes to motley yellow and orange. Each fruit contains about 60 seeds. The fruit is spread by floodwaters, machinery, animals and birds. Sheep can carry the seed in their digestive tract for periods of 7 days or more without affecting the germination capability of the seed. To further confuse the identification issue, silverleaf nightshade has three common "look-alikes": native quena, Narawa burr and apple of Sodom. EFFECT ON ANIMALS All parts of the plant, particularly the green or ripe fruit, can be toxic to animals. Symptoms include bloating, trembling, loose faeces, nasal discharge, salivation and breathing difficulties. Cattle are more susceptible than sheep. Goats or horses don't seem to be affected. MORE INFORMATION: Includes "Noxious Plants of Australia", by Parsons and Cuthbertson [Inkata Press]. Non-Chemical Options: The use of strong competitive crops or pastures will give some control, quarantine the infestation and prevent seeding (sheep can carry the seed in their digestive tract for periods of 7 days or more without affecting the germination capability of the seed). Cultivation is ineffective as it aids the spread from root pieces! Chemical Options: According to NSW DPI’s excellent booklet “Noxious and Environmental Weed Control Handbook 2001/2002”, treatments for silverleaf nightshade include:
IMPORTANT: USE OF PESTICIDES – ALWAYS READ THE LABEL Pesticides must only be used for the purpose for which they are registered and must not be used in any other situation or in any manner contrary to the directions on the label. Never use a herbicide in any way contrary to the label recommendations.
DISCLAIMER:
The information contained in this web site is based on knowledge and
understanding at the time of writing. However, because of advances in knowledge,
users are reminded of the need to ensure that information upon which they rely
is up to date and to check currency of the information with the appropriate
officer of North West Weeds or the user’s independent adviser. |
Send mail to
lestanner@aapt.net.au with questions or comments about this web site.
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